Symptoms, Causes and Diagnosis- PCOD & PCOS

PCOD and PCOS have no known causes. However, successful treatment and a decrease in consequences are also achievable with early PCOD diagnosis or detection. Your issues, such as infertility, hirsutism, pimples, immature follicle, or obesity, can be addressed with PCOS or PCOD treatment. However, certain treatments might entail either medication or lifestyle changes.

A disease known as PCOD or PCOS affects a woman’s ovaries, the reproductive parts that contain the hormonal progesterone and estrogen. It serves to manage the menstruation cycle, as well as lesser amounts of the hormone inhibin, releasing hormone, and androgens, which are generated by males.

Worldwide, PCOD impacts over 10% of women. PCOS causes women to generate more male hormones than usual relative to PCOD. They miss their periods due to this hormonal imbalance, which also makes it more challenging for women to become pregnant.

1. What Are Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) And Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)?

Hormonal infections in difficult women of reproductive age are polycystic ovarian syndrome or disorder (PCOS/PCOD). One in ten women of childbearing age is impacted by PCOS. A common medical disorder that mainly affects teenagers and young women. Estrogen, gonadotropin-releasing testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, progestin, and luteinizing hormone are the main five reproductive hormones that combine intricately to regulate the female reproductive system. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) or polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. And is characterized by an imbalance in these hormones.

In women of childbearing age, the degradation of reproductive hormones is a symptom of the polycystic ovarian syndrome. Ovaries produce excessive quantities of androgen, which mess with how female hormones are controlled (male hormones). This hormonal imbalance can cause abundant body hair, pimples, hair loss, and irregular or delayed menstrual cycles. A cystic ovary may not generate enough eggs or fail to mature follicles, which makes it challenging to get pregnant.

2. Common PCOD/PCOS Symptoms

Generally, the earliest PCOD symptoms and signs occur with the first puberty menstrual period. PCOS may also appear later as a result of increasing weight over time.

PCOD can manifest in a variety of ways. Common indications include:

• Elevated amounts of androgen. Men’s baldness and abundant body and facial hair are two instances of the physiological symptoms of excess male hormones.

• Inconsistent times. Because of the irregularity in the egg’s development, you may experience irregular menstrual cycles or a delayed menstrual cycle.

• Inconsistent, delayed, or unsuccessful ovulation, which makes falling pregnant difficult. Ovulation can be delayed or failed because of the hormonal imbalance within the body. It prevents the follicles from growing and releasing the egg. Your menstruation and, consequently, your cycles are greatly affected by this. When women see their doctors explore their unsuccessful attempts to become pregnant, PCOD is frequently identified.

• Severe hair decrease or hair loss. This discomfort is also brought on by the body generating more male hormones.

• On the skin, acne

• Gaining weight

3. What Are PCOS Or PCOD’s Causes?

There are numerous contributing aspects to PCOS, but there is no clear cause for it.

• Excessive Androgen: The ovary’s overproduction of androgen can induce hirsutism and acne.
• Overproduction Of Insulin: The human body’s secretion of the hormone insulin regulates levels of blood sugar. Blood sugar levels increase as a result of human cells developing insulin sensitivity. The outcome is that the body overproduces insulin to manage this elevated blood sugar level. The male hormones, or androgens, which are generally produced in very little quantities in females, are produced more frequently as a consequence of excessive insulin levels. Ovulation problems are brought on by excessive androgen production.
• Genetics: There may be a link between PCOS in women and specific hereditary characteristics.
• Reduced Inflammation Present: Women with PCOS suffer a low-grade irritation that may encourage the production of androgens by polycystic ovaries.

4. How Are PCOS Or PCOD Diagnosed?

PCOD or PCOS can be diagnosed by blood tests and imaging since it has clinical symptoms that impact several body systems. The Gynecologist will question medical history, diet, and drinking habits, use of any prescribed or over-the-counter medications, especially supplements and vitamins, and use of any male-pattern hair growth on a woman’s chest, face, or back based on symptoms such as irregular menstrual cycles.

To diagnose PCOD or PCOS, a doctor could suggest:

• Examining the reproductive system directly to look for lumps, anomalies, or any development

• Blood tests: Blood tests, such as serum glucose tests and fasting lipid profiles (to evaluate the levels of cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)), will assist in comprehending the levels of hormones.

• Imaging test: An ultrasound imaging test to evaluate ovarian cysts, uterine lining, and ovarian size

The Gynecologist may suggest further tests in addition to those listed above to look for issues. They might comprise of:

• Monitoring of cholesterol, glycemic control, heart rate, and triglyceride levels on a regular schedule

• Depression and anxiety testing

• The diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

Conclusion

Visit or schedule an appointment with the Top Gynecologist to understand more about PCOD or PCOS. You may find out more about PCOD or PCOS, its causes, symptoms, and treatments.